GRI 305-1, GRI 305-2, GRI 305-3
Total GHG emissions FY18 - FY20 (tCO2e)1
Total GHG emissions, by region FY18 - FY20 (tCO2e)1
|
Total |
26,194 |
27,218 |
25,976 |
|
|
FY18 |
FY19 |
FY20 |
|
Asia Pacific |
4,168 |
4,102 |
3,570 |
|
Europe, Middle East and Africa |
4,852 |
4,694 |
4,531 |
|
Latin America and Caribbean |
1,364 |
1,475 |
1,273 |
|
North America |
14,381 |
15,386 |
15,361 |
|
Global Business |
434 |
563 |
503 |
|
Group |
995 |
998 |
738 |
¹Total GHG emissions include Scopes 1, 2 and 3 emissions
GRI 305-4
GHG emissions intensity FY18 - FY20 (tCO2e/FTE)1
1Total GHG emissions normalized by average full-time equivalent employees (FTEs).
GRI 305-1
Scope 1 emissions FY18 - FY20 (tCO2e)1,2
Scope 1 emissions by region FY18 - FY20 (tCO2e)1,2
|
Total |
1,400 |
1,389 |
1,453 |
|
|
FY18 |
FY19 |
FY20 |
|
Asia Pacific |
54 |
80 |
77 |
|
Europe, Middle East and Africa |
553 |
512 |
445 |
|
Latin America and Caribbean |
35 |
36 |
27 |
|
North America |
759 |
760 |
903 |
1Scope 1 includes direct emissions from operations we own or control.
2Emissions from Global Businesses and Group are included in the data for the ERM region in which employees' home offices are located.
GRI 305-2
Scope 2 emissions FY18 - FY20 (tCO2e)1, 2
Scope 2 emissions by region FY18 - FY20 (tCO2e)1, 2
|
Total |
3,681 |
3,503 |
3,344 |
3,681 |
3,491 |
2,164 |
|
|
Location based |
Market based |
||||
|
|
FY18 |
FY19 |
FY20 |
FY18 |
FY19 |
FY20 |
| Asia Pacific |
711 |
733 |
667 |
711 |
733 |
667 |
|
Europe, Middle East and Africa |
517 |
427 |
416 |
517 |
414 |
271 |
|
Latin America and Caribbean |
91 |
98 |
81 |
91 |
98 |
81 |
|
North America |
2,362 |
2,245 |
2,179 |
2,362 |
2,245 |
1,145 |
1Scope 2 includes indirect emissions from purchased electricity.
2Emissions from Global Businesses and Group are included in the data for the ERM region in which employees' home offices are located.
SBT Scope 1 & 2 performance (tCO2e)
GRI 305-3
Scope 3 emissions FY18 - FY20 (tCO2e)1
Scope 3 emissions, by region FY18 - FY20 (tCO2e)1
|
Total |
21,112 |
22,427 |
22,360 |
|
|
FY18 |
FY19 |
FY20 |
|
Asia Pacific |
3,404 |
3,288 |
2,826 |
| Europe, Middle East and Africa |
3,782 |
3,857 |
3,815 |
|
Latin America and Caribbean |
1,238 |
1,340 |
1,165 |
|
North America |
11,260 |
12,381 |
13,313 |
|
Global Businesses |
434 |
563 |
503 |
|
Group |
995 |
998 |
738 |
1Scope 3 includes other indirect emissions that occur outside ERM (business travel, employee commuting, shared space electricity, and transmission and distribution losses).
SBT Scope 3 performance (tCO2e)1
1ERM has set a science-based target for business travel and employee commuting, covering 73% of the total Scope 3 inventory.
GRI 302-1 GRI 302-2 GRI 302-4
Global office energy use FY18 - FY20 (MWh)1, 2
Global office energy use by type FY18 - FY20 (MWh)1, 2
|
|
FY18 | FY19 | FY20 |
|
Office electricity from non-renewable sources |
7,996 |
7,649 |
4,677 |
|
Electricity from renewable sources |
139 |
302 |
3,089 |
|
Fuel consumption |
3,034 |
2,954 |
3,283 |
|
Scope 3 other electricity |
6,508 |
5,699 |
4,901 |
|
Total |
17,667 |
16,604 |
15,950 |
Global energy use intensity FY18 - FY20 (KWh/M2 ) 3
1 Employees from Global Businesses and Group are included in the data for the ERM region in which their home offices are located.
2 For reporting purposes, only MWh using the regular method are included and upstream MWh are excluded.
3 Total global energy use normalized by total office floor space.
Data presented here supports the climate risk section of this report. All emissions data presented is expressed as carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) and includes all Kyoto gases and refrigerants. ERM uses the Fifth Assessment Report as a source of global warming potential (GWP) without climate feedback. The detailed reference table can be found below. All data has been calculated using a market-based approach, unless otherwise stated. For further information on market-based methods, please refer to http://www.ghgprotocol.org.
|
Gas |
Activity |
Geography |
Reference |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Passenger car (all sizes and fuel types) |
Europe |
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (2019). 2019 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Passenger car (all sizes and fuel types) |
North America and countries outside Europe |
EPA (2018). GHG Emission Factors Hub. Center for Corporate Climate Leadership. March 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/emission-factors_mar_2018_0.pdf and EPA (2019). Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2017. United States Environmental Protection Agency. |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Gasoline car |
Canada |
EC (2019). National Inventory Report. Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada: 1990 - 2017. Environment Canada. |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Gasoline and Diesel cars |
Australia |
Commonwealth of Australia 2019 (Department of the Environment and Energy). National Greenhouse Account Factors (NGA) - Australian National Greenhouse Accounts. August 2019. Online: https://publications.industry.gov.au/publications/climate-change/system/files/resources/cf1/national-greenhouse-accounts-factors-august-2019.pdf |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Petrol and diesel use |
Europe |
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (2019). 2019 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Gasoline and Diesel use |
North America and countries outside Europe |
EPA (2018). GHG Emission Factors Hub. Center for Corporate Climate Leadership. March 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/emission-factors_mar_2018_0.pdf |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
LPG |
South America |
GHG Protocol Brazil (2019). Ferramenta GHG Protocol 2019. Versão 2019.3. Programa Brasileiro GHG Protocol. Available online: https://www.ghgprotocolbrasil.com.br/. |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Motorcycle |
World |
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (2019). 2019 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Taxi |
Europe |
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (2019). 2019 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Trucks |
US and countries outside Europe |
EPA (2018). GHG Emission Factors Hub. Center for Corporate Climate Leadership. March 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/emission-factors_mar_2018_0.pdf and EPA (2019). Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2017. United States Environmental Protection Agency. |
|
CO2 |
Auto-rickshaw |
Asia |
India GHG Program, India Specific Road Transport Emission Factors (2015). |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Bus |
Europe |
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (2019). 2019 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Bus |
North America and countries outside Europe |
EPA (2018). GHG Emission Factors Hub. Center for Corporate Climate Leadership. March 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/emission-factors_mar_2018_0.pdf
|
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Light rail |
World |
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (2019). 2019 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting.
|
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
National rail |
Europe |
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (2019). 2019 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting.
|
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
National rail (intercity) |
North America and countries outside Europe |
EPA (2018). GHG Emission Factors Hub. Center for Corporate Climate Leadership. March 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/emission-factors_mar_2018_0.pdf
|
|
CO2 |
AVE Train |
Spain |
RENFE (2017). Informe Anual de Responsabilidad Social, Empresarial y Gobierno Corporativo, available online at: http://www.renfe.com/EN/empresa/RSE/InformesRSEyGobiernoCorporativo.html |
|
CO2e |
TGV train |
Europe |
SNCF (2018). INFORMATION SUR LA QUANTITE DE GAZ A EFFET DE SERRE EMISE A L’OCCASION D’UN PRESTATION DE TRANSPORT. |
|
CO2e |
Thalys train |
Europe |
Thalys (2016). Thalys Carbon Footprint 2016. https://www.thalys.com/img/1505743154/pdf/developpement.../bilan-carbone-en.pdf Accessed August 2018 |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Eurostar |
Europe |
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (2019). 2019 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting.
|
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Underground |
World (except North America) |
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (2019). 2019 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting.
|
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Transit rail |
North America |
EPA (2018). GHG Emission Factors Hub. Center for Corporate Climate Leadership. March 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/emission-factors_mar_2018_0.pdf |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Ferry |
World |
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (2019). 2019 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Flights – all hauls and classes |
World |
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (2019). 2019 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
District heating (natural gas CHP) |
World |
IPCC (2006). Revised IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories: Reference Manual. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
|
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
District heating (steam) |
North America |
EPA (2018). GHG Emission Factors Hub. Center for Corporate Climate Leadership. March 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/emission-factors_mar_2018_0.pdf |
|
CO2 |
District heating |
Germany |
AGFW (2017). Liste der CO2-Bescheinigungen nach FW 309-6 nach Städten sortiert.
|
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Electricity (incl. T&D losses) |
UK |
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (2019). 2019 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting.
|
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Electricity (incl. T&D losses) |
US |
EPA (2020). eGrid2018v2. Release : 3/9/2020. Online: https://www.epa.gov/energy/emissions-generation-resource-integrated-database-egrid. Accessed March 11, 2020.
|
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Electricity (incl. T&D losses) |
Canada |
EC (2019). National Inventory Report. Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada: 1990 - 2017. Environment Canada. Online: https://unfccc.int/documents/194925
|
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Electricity (incl. T&D losses) |
World (except UK, US and Canada) |
IEA (2019). Statistics. http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp.# IPCC (2006). Revised IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories: Reference Manual. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
|
|
CO2e |
Electricity (excl. T&D losses) |
Australia |
Commonwealth of Australia 2019 (Department of the Environment and Energy). National Greenhouse Account Factors (NGA) - Australian National Greenhouse Accounts. August 2019. Online: https://publications.industry.gov.au/publications/climate-change/system/files/resources/cf1/national-greenhouse-accounts-factors-august-2019.pdf |
|
CO2e |
Electricity residual mix |
Europe |
AIB (2019). European Residual Mixes 2018. Version 1.1, 28th May 2019. Association of Issuing Bodies.
|
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Natural gas |
Canada |
EC (2019). National Inventory Report. Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada: 1990 - 2017. Environment Canada. Online: https://unfccc.int/documents/194925 |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Natural gas |
Europe |
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (2019). 2019 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Natural gas |
Australia |
Commonwealth of Australia 2019 (Department of the Environment and Energy). National Greenhouse Account Factors (NGA) - Australian National Greenhouse Accounts. August 2019. Online: https://publications.industry.gov.au/publications/climate-change/system/files/resources/cf1/national-greenhouse-accounts-factors-august-2019.pdf |
|
CO2, CH4, N2O |
Natural gas |
US |
EPA (2018). GHG Emission Factors Hub. Center for Corporate Climate Leadership. March 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/emission-factors_mar_2018_0.pdf And EPA (2019). Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2017. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Online: https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-sinks-1990-2017 |
|
HCFC-123, R11, R12, R401a, HFC-134a, R407c, R410a |
Refrigerants |
World |
IPCC (2013). IPCC Fifth Assessment Report: Climate Change 2013. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. |